{"id":2879,"date":"2025-03-26T11:51:08","date_gmt":"2025-03-26T08:51:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dev.cloudvps.co\/community\/docs\/vps-i-hosting\/nachalo-raboty-s-vps\/kak-ustanovit-operaczionnuyu-sistemu-ubuntu-debian-centos\/"},"modified":"2025-04-09T14:39:34","modified_gmt":"2025-04-09T11:39:34","slug":"kak-ustanovit-operaczionnuyu-sistemu-ubuntu-debian-centos","status":"publish","type":"docs","link":"https:\/\/cloudvps.by\/community\/docs\/vps-i-hosting\/nachalo-raboty-s-vps\/kak-ustanovit-operaczionnuyu-sistemu-ubuntu-debian-centos\/","title":{"rendered":"\u041a\u0430\u043a \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0443 (Ubuntu, Debian, CentOS)?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>CentOS. \u0420\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043c, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u041e\u0421 \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440, \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u0443 (\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 VirtualBox), \u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0451\u043c \u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0448\u0430\u0433\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0413\u0434\u0435 \u0441\u043a\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u044b \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0432<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u0430\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f ISO-\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437 \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Debian<\/strong>: \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e<a href=\"https:\/\/www.debian.org\/distrib\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> \u0441\u043a\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0442\u044c Debian<\/a> \u0441 \u043e\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0430.<br><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Ubuntu<\/strong>:<a href=\"https:\/\/ubuntu.com\/download\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> ubuntu.com\/download<br><\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>CentOS<\/strong>:<a href=\"https:\/\/www.centos.org\/download\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> centos.org\/download<br><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0410\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0438:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Debian 12 (Bookworm)<\/strong> \u2014 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0431\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437 2023 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430.<br><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Debian 11 (Bullseye)<\/strong> \u2014 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043e 2026 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430.<br><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Debian 10 (Buster)<\/strong> \u2014 \u0432 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0441\u0435 LTS.<br><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0423\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430 Debian \u043d\u0430 VirtualBox<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0423\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435 VirtualBox<\/strong><strong><br><\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0414\u043b\u044f Linux: <div class=\"code-block\"><button class=\"copy-btn\">\u041a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c<\/button><code>sudo apt install virtualbox<\/code><\/div><br><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0414\u043b\u044f Windows: \u0441\u043a\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0449\u0438\u043a \u0441 \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0430 Oracle<br><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0421\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u0443<\/strong><strong><br><\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0423\u043a\u0430\u0436\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0438\u043c\u044f (\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, Debian 12), \u0442\u0438\u043f \u2014 Linux, \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u044f \u2014 Debian (64-bit)<br><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0423\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u044c (\u043d\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0435 1024 \u041c\u0411)<br><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0421\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a (\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439, 10\u201320 \u0413\u0411)<br><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u041f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435 ISO-\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437 Debian<\/strong><strong><br><\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0439\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0432 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0438 \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u044b &gt; \u041d\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 &gt; \u0423\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435 ISO \u0432 \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 CD-\u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0434<br><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0417\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0443<\/strong><strong><br><\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0421\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0448\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u044d\u043a\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435: \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0430 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0430, \u0447\u0430\u0441\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u044f\u0441\u0430, \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0430<br><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438<\/strong><strong><br><\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0423\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435 sudo: <div class=\"code-block\"><button class=\"copy-btn\">\u041a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c<\/button><code>apt install sudo<\/code><\/div><br><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0414\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u044c\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f \u0432 sudo-\u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u0443: <div class=\"code-block\"><button class=\"copy-btn\">\u041a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c<\/button><code>usermod -aG sudo user<\/code><\/div><br><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0421\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f Debian 12<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>CPU: x86_64 (1 \u0413\u0413\u0446+)<br><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>RAM: \u043e\u0442 512 \u041c\u0411 (\u0440\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0434\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0442 2 \u0413\u0411)<br><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0414\u0438\u0441\u043a: \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0443\u043c 10 \u0413\u0411<br><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0423\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0430 VPS \u0438\u043b\u0438 VDS<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0412\u044b\u0431\u043e\u0440 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0430 \u0432 \u043f\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433\u0430<\/strong> (\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, Ubuntu 22.04, Debian 11, CentOS 7)<br><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430 \u041e\u0421 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 ISO<\/strong> \u2014 \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f<br><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0418\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 Proxmox<\/strong> \u2014 \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u044b \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e:<br>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0423\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430 Proxmox \u043d\u0430 Debian 11:<a href=\"https:\/\/proxmox.com\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> https:\/\/proxmox.com<br><\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u041d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0430 \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0432\u0435\u0431-\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441<br><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438: \u0431\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0430<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u041e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0443: <div class=\"code-block\"><button class=\"copy-btn\">\u041a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c<\/button><code>apt update &amp;&amp; apt upgrade -y<\/code><\/div><br><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0423\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0443\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0442\u044b: htop, curl, ufw, vim<br><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u041d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0430 UFW-\u0444\u0430\u0439\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0430: <div class=\"code-block\"><button class=\"copy-btn\">\u041a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c<\/button><code>ufw allow OpenSSH &amp;&amp; ufw enable<\/code><\/div><br><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u041d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0432, \u043b\u043e\u043a\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0439, \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438<br><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0414\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e: \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u044b \u0434\u043b\u044f Debian<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0423\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432: <div class=\"code-block\"><button class=\"copy-btn\">\u041a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c<\/button><code>apt install package-name<\/code><\/div><br><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0423\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430 Wine: <div class=\"code-block\"><button class=\"copy-btn\">\u041a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c<\/button><code>apt install wine<\/code><\/div><br><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0423\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430 sudo: <div class=\"code-block\"><button class=\"copy-btn\">\u041a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c<\/button><code>apt install sudo<\/code><\/div><br><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0430 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0438: <div class=\"code-block\"><button class=\"copy-btn\">\u041a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c<\/button><code>lsb_release -a<\/code><\/div> \u0438\u043b\u0438 <div class=\"code-block\"><button class=\"copy-btn\">\u041a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c<\/button><code>cat \/etc\/os-release<\/code><\/div><br><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0423\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430 Linux \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u0443 \u0438\u043b\u0438 <a href=\"https:\/\/cloudvps.by\/servers\/vps\/vps_server.php\" data-internallinksmanager029f6b8e52c=\"4\" title=\"VPS \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433\">VPS<\/a> \u2014 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0431\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439, \u043d\u043e \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043d\u0430\u0432\u044b\u043a. Debian, Ubuntu \u0438 CentOS \u2014 \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432\u044b \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u043b\u043e\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b. \u0412\u044b\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0449\u0438\u0439, \u0441\u043a\u0430\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 ISO, \u0438 \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438. \u0427\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 15\u201330 \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0442 \u0432\u044b \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0447\u0443\u044e \u041e\u0421 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438\u0445 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0447.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"parent":2877,"menu_order":1,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","doc_tag":[],"class_list":["post-2879","docs","type-docs","status-publish","hentry"],"comment_count":0,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cloudvps.by\/community\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/docs\/2879","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cloudvps.by\/community\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/docs"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cloudvps.by\/community\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/docs"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cloudvps.by\/community\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2879"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/cloudvps.by\/community\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/docs\/2879\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3163,"href":"https:\/\/cloudvps.by\/community\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/docs\/2879\/revisions\/3163"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cloudvps.by\/community\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/docs\/2877"}],"next":[{"title":"\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0448\u0430\u0433\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043f\u043a\u0438 VPS","link":"https:\/\/cloudvps.by\/community\/docs\/vps-i-hosting\/nachalo-raboty-s-vps\/pervye-shagi-posle-pokupki-vps\/","href":"https:\/\/cloudvps.by\/community\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/docs\/2880"}],"prev":[{"title":"\u041a\u0430\u043a \u0432\u044b\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044c VPS \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0441 \u043d\u0443\u043b\u044f?","link":"https:\/\/cloudvps.by\/community\/docs\/vps-i-hosting\/nachalo-raboty-s-vps\/kak-vybrat-vps-i-nastroit-ego-s-nulya\/","href":"https:\/\/cloudvps.by\/community\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/docs\/2878"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cloudvps.by\/community\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2879"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"doc_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cloudvps.by\/community\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/doc_tag?post=2879"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}