{"id":2880,"date":"2025-03-26T11:51:16","date_gmt":"2025-03-26T08:51:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dev.cloudvps.co\/community\/docs\/vps-i-hosting\/nachalo-raboty-s-vps\/pervye-shagi-posle-pokupki-vps\/"},"modified":"2025-04-09T14:40:15","modified_gmt":"2025-04-09T11:40:15","slug":"pervye-shagi-posle-pokupki-vps","status":"publish","type":"docs","link":"https:\/\/cloudvps.by\/community\/docs\/vps-i-hosting\/nachalo-raboty-s-vps\/pervye-shagi-posle-pokupki-vps\/","title":{"rendered":"\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0448\u0430\u0433\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043f\u043a\u0438 VPS"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>\u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043f\u043a\u0438 \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043a \u043d\u0435\u043c\u0443, \u043d\u043e \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0442\u044c. \u041e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u044b \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0435 <a href=\"https:\/\/cloudvps.by\/servers\/vps\/vps_server.php\" data-internallinksmanager029f6b8e52c=\"4\" title=\"VPS \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433\">VPS<\/a> \u043d\u0430 \u0431\u0430\u0437\u0435 Ubuntu Linux. \u0420\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c \u0431\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0448\u0430\u0433\u0438 \u043f\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0435 VPS \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430 Ubuntu 22.04: \u043e\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e <a href=\"https:\/\/cloudvps.by\/community\/docs\/glossarij\/terminy\/ssh\/\" data-internallinksmanager029f6b8e52c=\"197\" title=\"SSH (Secure Shell)\">SSH<\/a> \u0434\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0438 \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u041f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043a VPS Ubuntu<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0421\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043f\u043a\u0438 \u0432\u044b \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435 <a href=\"https:\/\/cloudvps.by\/community\/docs\/glossarij\/terminy\/ip-adres\/\" data-internallinksmanager029f6b8e52c=\"204\" title=\"IP-\u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441 (Internet Protocol)\">IP-\u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441<\/a>, \u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u043d (\u043e\u0431\u044b\u0447\u043d\u043e <a href=\"https:\/\/cloudvps.by\/community\/docs\/glossarij\/terminy\/root-dostup\/\" data-internallinksmanager029f6b8e52c=\"234\" title=\"Root-\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\">root<\/a>) \u0438 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u043e\u043b\u044c. \u041f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043a VPS Linux \u043e\u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e SSH. \u041d\u0430 Windows \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c PuTTY, \u0430 \u043d\u0430 Linux \u0438 macOS \u2014 \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043b:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><div class=\"code-block\"><button class=\"copy-btn\">\u041a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c<\/button><code>ssh root@IP_\u0410\u0414\u0420\u0415\u0421<\/code><\/div><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u044b \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0435 <strong>Ubuntu VPS server<\/strong>, \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0439\u043c\u0451\u0442 \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0441\u0435\u043a\u0443\u043d\u0434. \u0414\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043a \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0435.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u041e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u043c \u0434\u0435\u043b\u043e\u043c \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0438\u0442 \u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u044b:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><div class=\"code-block\"><button class=\"copy-btn\">\u041a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c<\/button><code>apt update &amp;&amp; apt upgrade -y<\/code><\/div><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u042d\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0438\u0442 \u0430\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0438 \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0430\u0448\u0435\u0433\u043e VPS \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430 Ubuntu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0421\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f \u0438 \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 sudo<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0414\u043b\u044f \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0434\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e\u0434 root. \u0421\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>adduser newuser<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><div class=\"code-block\"><button class=\"copy-btn\">\u041a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c<\/button><code>usermod -aG sudo newuser<\/code><\/div><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0422\u0435\u043f\u0435\u0440\u044c \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c sudo \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0430\u0434\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0447.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u041d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0430 SSH-\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0423\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430 SSH (\u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f)<\/strong><strong><br><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p><div class=\"code-block\"><button class=\"copy-btn\">\u041a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c<\/button><code>apt install openssh-server<\/code><\/div><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(\u041e\u0431\u044b\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d \u043f\u043e \u0443\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e \u043d\u0430 Ubuntu 22.04)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"2\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u041e\u0442\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043f\u043e \u043f\u0430\u0440\u043e\u043b\u044e<\/strong> \u2014 \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u044c\u0442\u0435 \u0432 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b \/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config:<br><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p><div class=\"code-block\"><button class=\"copy-btn\">\u041a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c<\/button><code>PermitRootLogin no<\/code><\/div><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><div class=\"code-block\"><button class=\"copy-btn\">\u041a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c<\/button><code>PasswordAuthentication no<\/code><\/div><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"3\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a SSH<\/strong><strong><br><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p><div class=\"code-block\"><button class=\"copy-btn\">\u041a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c<\/button><code>systemctl restart ssh<\/code><\/div><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0411\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u0430 VPS \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u041d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0430 VPS \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0435\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u044b:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>UFW (\u0444\u0430\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u043b):<\/strong><strong><br><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><div class=\"code-block\"><button class=\"copy-btn\">\u041a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c<\/button><code>apt install ufw<\/code><\/div><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><div class=\"code-block\"><button class=\"copy-btn\">\u041a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c<\/button><code>ufw allow OpenSSH<\/code><\/div><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><div class=\"code-block\"><button class=\"copy-btn\">\u041a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c<\/button><code>ufw enable<\/code><\/div><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Fail2Ban (\u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u0430 \u043e\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0439):<\/strong><strong><br><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><div class=\"code-block\"><button class=\"copy-btn\">\u041a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c<\/button><code>apt install fail2ban<\/code><\/div><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0410\u0432\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438:<\/strong><strong><br><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><div class=\"code-block\"><button class=\"copy-btn\">\u041a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c<\/button><code>apt install unattended-upgrades<\/code><\/div><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0414\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0448\u0430\u0433\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0438 Ubuntu Server 22.04<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u041d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0430 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u044f\u0441\u0430: <div class=\"code-block\"><button class=\"copy-btn\">\u041a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c<\/button><code>dpkg-reconfigure tzdata<\/code><\/div><br><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0423\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u0443\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0442: htop, curl, vim<br><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u041d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0430 hostname: <div class=\"code-block\"><button class=\"copy-btn\">\u041a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c<\/button><code>hostnamectl set-hostname your-server<\/code><\/div><br><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0430<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044c\u0442\u0435, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0432\u0430\u0448 <strong>VPS \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 Linux<\/strong> \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0431\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0418\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435 top \u0438\u043b\u0438 htop \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043c\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0433\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u0441\u0443\u0440\u0441\u043e\u0432<br><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0423\u0431\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0441\u044c, \u0447\u0442\u043e SSH \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043d\u043e<br><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044c\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0441 \u0444\u0430\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0430: <div class=\"code-block\"><button class=\"copy-btn\">\u041a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c<\/button><code>ufw status<\/code><\/div><br><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Ubuntu VPS \u2014 \u043c\u043e\u0449\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0438 \u0433\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442, \u043d\u043e \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0438. \u041f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0430 VPS \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430 Ubuntu 22.04 \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0431\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0443. \u0421\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u044d\u0442\u0438\u043c \u0448\u0430\u0433\u0430\u043c, \u0438 \u0432\u0430\u0448 \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 Ubuntu \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u043a \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0451\u0440\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439, \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0438\u043b\u0438 <a href=\"https:\/\/cloudvps.by\/community\/docs\/glossarij\/terminy\/vpn\/\" data-internallinksmanager029f6b8e52c=\"211\" title=\"VPN (Virtual Private Network)\">VPN<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"parent":2877,"menu_order":2,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","doc_tag":[],"class_list":["post-2880","docs","type-docs","status-publish","hentry"],"comment_count":0,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cloudvps.by\/community\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/docs\/2880","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cloudvps.by\/community\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/docs"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cloudvps.by\/community\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/docs"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cloudvps.by\/community\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2880"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/cloudvps.by\/community\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/docs\/2880\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3164,"href":"https:\/\/cloudvps.by\/community\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/docs\/2880\/revisions\/3164"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cloudvps.by\/community\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/docs\/2877"}],"prev":[{"title":"\u041a\u0430\u043a \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0443 (Ubuntu, Debian, CentOS)?","link":"https:\/\/cloudvps.by\/community\/docs\/vps-i-hosting\/nachalo-raboty-s-vps\/kak-ustanovit-operaczionnuyu-sistemu-ubuntu-debian-centos\/","href":"https:\/\/cloudvps.by\/community\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/docs\/2879"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cloudvps.by\/community\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2880"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"doc_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cloudvps.by\/community\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/doc_tag?post=2880"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}