{"id":2887,"date":"2025-03-26T11:52:26","date_gmt":"2025-03-26T08:52:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dev.cloudvps.co\/community\/docs\/nastrojka-i-upravlenie-serverom\/veb-servery\/kak-ustanovit-i-optimizirovat-veb-server\/"},"modified":"2025-04-04T14:13:08","modified_gmt":"2025-04-04T11:13:08","slug":"kak-ustanovit-i-optimizirovat-veb-server","status":"publish","type":"docs","link":"https:\/\/cloudvps.by\/community\/docs\/nastrojka-i-upravlenie-serverom\/veb-servery\/kak-ustanovit-i-optimizirovat-veb-server\/","title":{"rendered":"\u041a\u0430\u043a \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0438 \u043e\u043f\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0435\u0431-\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>\u0414\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0431\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0438 \u0431\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0435\u0431-\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u2014 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0438 \u043e\u043f\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c. \u0420\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432 Apache \u0438 Nginx, \u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0441\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c, \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0438 <a href=\"https:\/\/cloudvps.by\/community\/docs\/glossarij\/terminy\/fault-tolerance\/\" data-internallinksmanager029f6b8e52c=\"359\" title=\"Fault Tolerance (\u041e\u0442\u043a\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0443\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0439\u0447\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c)\">\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0443\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0439\u0447\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0423\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430 \u0432\u0435\u0431-\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0423\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430 Nginx:<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><div class=\"code-block\"><button class=\"copy-btn\">\u041a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c<\/button><code>sudo apt update<\/code><\/div><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><div class=\"code-block\"><button class=\"copy-btn\">\u041a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c<\/button><code>sudo apt install nginx -y<\/code><\/div><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0441\u0430:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><div class=\"code-block\"><button class=\"copy-btn\">\u041a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c<\/button><code>sudo systemctl status nginx<\/code><\/div><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0423\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430 Apache:<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><div class=\"code-block\"><button class=\"copy-btn\">\u041a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c<\/button><code>sudo apt update<\/code><\/div><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><div class=\"code-block\"><button class=\"copy-btn\">\u041a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c<\/button><code>sudo apt install apache2 -y<\/code><\/div><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><div class=\"code-block\"><button class=\"copy-btn\">\u041a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c<\/button><code>sudo systemctl status apache2<\/code><\/div><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0439\u0442\u0438 \u043a \u044d\u0442\u0430\u043f\u0443 \u043e\u043f\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u041e\u043f\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f Nginx<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0412\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435 gzip-\u0441\u0436\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0435:<\/strong><strong><br><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><div class=\"code-block\"><button class=\"copy-btn\">\u041a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c<\/button><code>gzip on;<\/code><\/div><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><div class=\"code-block\"><button class=\"copy-btn\">\u041a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c<\/button><code>gzip_types text\/plain application\/json text\/css application\/javascript;<\/code><\/div><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u041d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0442\u0435 <a href=\"https:\/\/cloudvps.by\/community\/docs\/glossarij\/terminy\/caching\/\" data-internallinksmanager029f6b8e52c=\"272\" title=\"Caching (\u041a\u044d\u0448\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435)\">\u043a\u044d\u0448\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/a> \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432:<\/strong><strong><br><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><div class=\"code-block\"><button class=\"copy-btn\">\u041a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c<\/button><code>location ~* \\.(jpg|jpeg|png|gif|ico|css|js)$ {<br>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0expires 30d;<br>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0access_log off;<br>}<\/code><\/div><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u041e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u044c\u0442\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439:<\/strong><strong><br><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><div class=\"code-block\"><button class=\"copy-btn\">\u041a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c<\/button><code>limit_conn_zone $binary_remote_addr zone=addr:10m;<\/code><\/div><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><div class=\"code-block\"><button class=\"copy-btn\">\u041a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c<\/button><code>limit_conn addr 20;<\/code><\/div><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044c\u0442\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0438\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e:<\/strong><strong><br><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><div class=\"code-block\"><button class=\"copy-btn\">\u041a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c<\/button><code>sudo nginx -t<\/code><\/div><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><div class=\"code-block\"><button class=\"copy-btn\">\u041a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c<\/button><code>sudo systemctl reload nginx<\/code><\/div><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u041e\u043f\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f Apache<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u041e\u0442\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043d\u0435\u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u0438:<\/strong><strong><br><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><div class=\"code-block\"><button class=\"copy-btn\">\u041a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c<\/button><code>sudo a2dismod status<\/code><\/div><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><div class=\"code-block\"><button class=\"copy-btn\">\u041a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c<\/button><code>sudo a2dismod autoindex<\/code><\/div><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0412\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043a\u044d\u0448\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435:<\/strong> \u0423\u0431\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0441\u044c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u044c expires \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0451\u043d, \u0438 \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u044c\u0442\u0435 \u0434\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u044b:<br><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><div class=\"code-block\"><button class=\"copy-btn\">\u041a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c<\/button><code>&lt;IfModule mod_expires.c><br>\u00a0\u00a0ExpiresActive On<br>\u00a0\u00a0ExpiresByType image\/jpg \"access plus 1 month\"<br>\u00a0\u00a0ExpiresByType text\/css \"access plus 1 week\"<br>&lt;\/IfModule><\/code><\/div><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0423\u0432\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0447\u044c\u0442\u0435 \u043b\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0442\u044b \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438:<\/strong> \u041d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0430 KeepAlive, Timeout, MaxRequestWorkers \u0432 apache2.conf \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u0437\u0431\u0435\u0436\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0438.<br><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0412\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435 <a href=\"https:\/\/cloudvps.by\/community\/docs\/glossarij\/terminy\/http-2\/\" data-internallinksmanager029f6b8e52c=\"267\" title=\"HTTP\/2 (Hypertext Transfer Protocol)\">HTTP\/2<\/a>:<\/strong><strong><br><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><div class=\"code-block\"><button class=\"copy-btn\">\u041a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c<\/button><code>sudo a2enmod http2<\/code><\/div><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u041e\u0431\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u044b \u043f\u043e \u043e\u043f\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0418\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u043c\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0433\u0430 (\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, Netdata, Munin)<br><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u041d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u0440\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e \u043b\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0432<br><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0418\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435 <a href=\"https:\/\/cloudvps.by\/community\/docs\/glossarij\/terminy\/firewall\/\" data-internallinksmanager029f6b8e52c=\"198\" title=\"Firewall (\u0411\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0434\u043c\u0430\u0443\u044d\u0440)\">\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0434\u043c\u0430\u0443\u044d\u0440<\/a> (UFW) \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430<br><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u041e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u044c\u0442\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f \u043a \u0430\u0434\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u043c \u043f\u043e <a href=\"https:\/\/cloudvps.by\/community\/docs\/glossarij\/terminy\/ip-adres\/\" data-internallinksmanager029f6b8e52c=\"204\" title=\"IP-\u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441 (Internet Protocol)\">IP<\/a><br><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u041f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0438 \u043e\u043f\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u0435\u0431-\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u0443\u044e \u0441\u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0438 \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0430, \u0443\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0439\u0447\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043a \u043d\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0430\u043c \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0449\u0451\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0442 \u0431\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u0443\u0433\u0440\u043e\u0437. \u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0438\u043a \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0434\u043b\u044f <a href=\"https:\/\/cloudvps.by\/servers\/vps\/vps_server.php\" data-internallinksmanager029f6b8e52c=\"4\" title=\"VPS \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433\">VPS<\/a> \u0438 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432, \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0445 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0449\u0435\u043d\u044b \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u044b.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"parent":2885,"menu_order":1,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","doc_tag":[],"class_list":["post-2887","docs","type-docs","status-publish","hentry"],"comment_count":0,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cloudvps.by\/community\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/docs\/2887","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cloudvps.by\/community\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/docs"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cloudvps.by\/community\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/docs"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cloudvps.by\/community\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2887"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/cloudvps.by\/community\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/docs\/2887\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3043,"href":"https:\/\/cloudvps.by\/community\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/docs\/2887\/revisions\/3043"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cloudvps.by\/community\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/docs\/2885"}],"prev":[{"title":"\u041a\u0430\u043a \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0435\u0431-\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 (Nginx, Apache)?","link":"https:\/\/cloudvps.by\/community\/docs\/nastrojka-i-upravlenie-serverom\/veb-servery\/kak-ustanovit-i-nastroit-veb-server-nginx-apache\/","href":"https:\/\/cloudvps.by\/community\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/docs\/2886"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cloudvps.by\/community\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2887"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"doc_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cloudvps.by\/community\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/doc_tag?post=2887"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}